Debussy Pelléas et Mélisande
Tuesday 24 February 2026 - 20 h (Gala)
Thursday 26 February 2026 - 20 h
Saturday 28 February 2026 - 20 h
Part 1 : 1h30 | Interval : 25min | Part 2 : 1h05
Drama in 5 acts and 12 tableaux
Music by Claude Debussy (1862-1918)
Libretto by Maurice Maeterlinck based on his play Pelléas et Mélisande (1892)
Premiere: Paris, Opéra-Comique, 30 April 1902
New production
Claude Debussy’s Pelléas et Mélisande is the iconic French opera of the 20th century, and was first performed in Monaco in 1924. Its music is impressionist: the sung parts are written in a way that reflects natural dialogue in a heightened way, whereas the orchestral score contains a myriad of glittering colours and nuance. The story is based on Maurice Maeterlinck’s eponymous play, the epitomy of symbolist theatre. Set in imagined medieval surroundings, it contains basic elements of myth and fairytale, a dark castle and forest, a rigorous father and two brothers – one eager to please but unloved, the other sensitive and charming –, a blonde princess of unknown origin, who becomes the victim of the brothers’ strife, and a deep well, into which she first drops her crown, and later her wedding ring. The events unfold before us like a dream, with a constant feeling that the important things are left unspoken.
This new production of the Opéra de Monte-Carlo promises to become another fantastic collaboration on French music between Jean-Louis Grinda, Kazuki Yamada and the Orchestre Philharmonique de Monte-Carlo. Within the cast of outstanding singers, we offer you dazzling company debuts of Lea Desandre, Huw Montague Rendall and Gerald Finley.
Huw Montague Rendall and Lea Desandre appear courtesy of Erato/Warner Classics
Orchestre Philharmonique de Monte-Carlo
Act I
In the forest
Prince Golaud has lost his way after a hunting party. At the bend of a stream, he encounters a mysterious young woman who is crying and refuses to say who she is, where she comes from, or the cause of her sadness. She only agrees to give her name: Mélisande.
At the royal palace, Geneviève, daughter of King Arkel, reads a letter sent by her brother, Golaud, announcing happy news: although he still knows nothing about her, he has been married to Mélisande for six months. To gauge his father's reaction, he asked his half-brother Pelléas to send him a sign. Arkel does not oppose this union, although he would have preferred to see his son marry Princess Ursule, after the death of his wife, who gave him a son, Yniold, his grandfather's only reason for living.
Pelléas is torn between two duties: going to the bedside of his friend Marcellus, or choosing instead to be with his father, who is also dying. The dilemma is resolved by King Arkel, who refuses to let him leave, wanting him to welcome his half-brother Golaud to the castle, who is due to arrive with his new wife. When the royal couple's boat moors, Pelléas is tasked with escorting Mélisande. He confides in her that he will have to leave the next day. Although the two young people have only just met, Mélisande confides her sadness to Pelléas at the news of his departure.
Act II
In the castle grounds
Pelléas has taken Mélisande to a place he particularly loves: an enchanted fountain that has the power to restore sight to the blind. Mélisande, playing around, accidentally drops her engagement ring into the deep water. It is impossible to retrieve it. The first crack in a princely marriage...
At her husband's bedside, who is injured after a horse-riding accident, Mélisande confides in her unease. To comfort her, Golaud takes her hand, immediately noticing that the ring is missing... Mélisande lies, claiming to have lost the precious jewel in a cave near the sea. Golaud then orders his wife to go and find it.
Mélisande complies, once again escorted by Pelléas, who suggests that the young woman observe the cave carefully so that she can answer Golaud's questions. The two young people notice three poor men asleep, who have taken refuge in the cave.
Act III
In the castle grounds
At the window of a tower in the castle, Mélisande combs her hair while singing. Pelléas, passing by, asks her to let down her hair, while announcing to the beautiful woman that he must leave. Mélisande manages to convince him to stay and, as she smiles at the favorable response from the man she can only love in secret, her hair slips from her hands, unravels, and falls at Pelléas' feet, who kisses it tenderly. Golaud surprises them and tries to forbid this immodest and immoral gesture.
The day after this mishap, Golaud takes Pelléas to an underground passage in the castle, where a gaping chasm gives off the smell of death. Sensing his half-brother's thinly veiled threat, Pelléas flees to find fresh air. Golaud takes advantage of his position of power to forbid any further meetings with Mélisande, especially now that she is carrying his legitimate child. To ensure that his command is obeyed, Golaud orders his son, Yniold, to spy on Pelléas and Mélisande and report any suspicious activity to him.
Act IV
In the forest
Pelléas arranges to meet Mélisande at the place where they first met: the fountain of the blind, in the heart of the forest. Now that his father is cured, he has fulfilled his duty as a son. He then tells his beloved that he must leave to fulfill his duty as a friend.
At the castle, King Arkel confides in Mélisande, saddened by the gloomy atmosphere that reigns among his entourage, barely brightened by the recovery of Pelléas' father. Golaud then enters, mad with jealousy: he is convinced that Mélisande has been unfaithful to him. He threatens the young girl, leaving her there, terrified by her husband's anger.
Meanwhile, in the garden, Yniold trembles at a bad omen (the sheep are not returning to the barn), and near the fountain, Pelléas wants to repent for the harm his feelings have caused Mélisande. Yes, he loves her, and because he loves her, he must leave. Their tender farewell is interrupted by Golaud, who had decided to take it upon himself to spy on lovers. With a stroke of his sword, he takes revenge on Pelléas and rushes after Mélisande. A fatal outcome looms...
Act V
In Mélisande’s bedroom
A doctor stands at Mélisande's bedside, a few days after the tragedy. Overwhelmed by the fact that he has caused the death of his half-brother, Golaud asks to be left alone with his wife for a moment. He asks her one last time to confess her feelings for Pelléas, but the young woman refuses, preferring to take the secret of her true love to her grave. Arkel then enters the room: a child has been born from this terrible story, who, in his great-grandfather's arms, will be able to see his mother one last time before she passes away. One life begins, another ends...
Five facts to discover before the curtain rises
1
Before becoming an opera, Pelléas et Mélisande was a play by Belgian author Maurice Maeterlinck, which Claude Debussy discovered in 1892 on the recommendation of his friend Stéphane Mallarmé. It took the French composer 10 years to complete his score and sign his masterpiece, the only lyrical opus in his catalog.
2
At that time, it was common for plays to be accompanied by incidental music, performed live during the show. Thus, to accompany the European performances of the play, many composers took up the challenge: Gabriel Fauré in Paris (1898), William Wallace in Great Britain (1900), and Arnold Schönberg in Vienna (1903).
3
Although Claude Debussy had no trouble obtaining Maeterlinck's consent to transform his play into an opera, relations between the two artists became strained when the author sought to impose his mistress in the role of Mélisande. Faced with Debussy's refusal, Maeterlinck sought to mount a campaign against the creation of the opera through the press.
4
But it was not the destabilization campaign that nearly destroyed Pelléas et Mélisande. It was the reception by the press, shocked to hear about a child witnessing possible romantic encounters between adults. Although the dress rehearsal was the subject of heated debate among journalists, the premiere was well received by the general public. This shows that the press does not always reflect the tastes of the time...
5
Pelléas et Mélisande represents a major break with tradition in the history of French opera. With its style closely resembling declamation, its libretto that reproduces Maeterlinck's text almost word for word, and its composition that pushes musical tonality to its limits, the work is a unique example of modernity, which even today stands out as an exception in the world of opera.
MAÎTRES D’ŒUVRE
Direction musicale
Kazuki Yamada
Mise en scène
Jean-Louis Grinda
Décors et lumières
Laurent Castaingt
Costumes
Jorge Jara
Chef de chœur
Stefano Visconti
Chef de chant
David Zobel
Assistant à la direction musicale
Felix Benati
Assistante à la mise en scène
Vanessa d'Ayral de Sérignac
Assistante aux décors
Eleonora Rodigari
Assistant aux costumes
Quentin Gargano Dumas
SOLISTES
Pelléas
Huw Montague Rendall
Golaud
Gerald Finley
Arkel
Laurent Naouri
Yniold
Jennifer Courcier
Mélisande
Lea Desandre
Geneviève
Marie Gautrot
Un médecin
Przemyslaw Baranek
Un berger
Stefano Arnaudo
ENFANTS
Charlotte GRANGIE (22 & 24/02)
Emilie VIENNE (26 & 28/02)
FIGURATION
Maud BOISSIÈRE
Barbara FRANCH
Alexandre LAMIA
Pierre LEPAGE
Alain LOUIS-JACQUET
Stéphane MARTIN
Laurence MEINI
Jeremy RODRIGUEZ
Paola SCALTRITI
Emma TERNO
Julia ZOLYNSKI
CHŒUR DE L’OPÉRA DE MONTE-CARLO
Chef de chœur
Stefano Visconti
Consultant pour l’organisation musicale & assistant chef de chœur
Aurelio Scotto
Régisseuse du chœur & bibliothécaire
Colette Audat
Sopranos I
Galia BAKALOV
Antonella CESARIO
Chiara IAIA
Giovanna MINNITI
Felicity MURPHY
Ronja Weyhenmeyer
Sopranos II
Rossella ANTONACCI
VITTORIA GIACOBAZZI
Valérie MARRET
Letizia PIANIGIANI
Laura Maria ROMO CONTRERAS
Mezzo-sopranos
Carlo Mattioli
Géraldine MELAC
Suma MELLANO
Federica SPATOLA
Altos
Maria Carmen Ciuffreda
ORNELLA CORVI
Maria-Elisabetta DE GIORGI
Catia PIZZI
Rosa TORTORA
Ténors I
Walter BARBARIA
Francis Joseph Biyong Nguene
Lorenzo CALTAGIRONE
Vincenzo DI NOCERA
Thierry DIMEO
Nicolo LA FARCIOLA
Ténors II
Andrea Civetta
Fabio MARZI
Manuel Murabito
Adolfo SCOTTO DI LUZIO
Salvatore TAIELLO
Barytons
Przemyslaw Baranek
Fabio BONAVITA
Giulio Ceccarelli
Vincenzo CRISTOFOLI
Basses
Stefano Arnaudo
Daniele Del Bue
Edgardo RINALDI
Matthew THISTLETON
Giuseppe Zema
ORCHESTRE PHILHARMONIQUE DE MONTE-CARLO
Directeur artistique et musical
KAZUKI YAMADA
Régisseur Général
Frédéric Vitteaud
Régisseur
Samantha Raymondis
Régisseur technique
Patrick Pastor
Techniciens de scène
Jean-Marie Pastor
Mathieu Dubourg
Bibliothécaires
Orianne Planquart
Célia Giaccardi
Premiers violons
David Lefèvre (supersoliste)
Liza Kerob (supersoliste)
Sibylle Duchesne
Ilyoung Chae
Diana Mykhalevych
Mitchell Huang
Thierry Bautz
Isabelle Josso
Morgan Bodinaud
Milena Legourska
Jae-Eun Lee
Adela Urcan
Evgeny Makhtin
Rennosuke Fukuda
Andry Richaud
Cécile Subirana
NN
Seconds violons
Peter Szüts
Nicolas Delclaud
Dimitri Isakov
Frédéric Gheorghiu
Nicolas Slusznis
Alexandre Guerchovitch
Gian Battista Ermacora
Laetitia Abraham
Katalin Szüts-Lukacs
Eric Thoreux
Raluca Hood-Marinescu
Andriy Ostapchuk
Sofija Radic
Hubert Touzery
Altos
François Méreaux
Federico Andres Hood
François Duchesne
Charles Lockie
Mireille Wojciechowski
Sofia Timofeeva
Tristan Dely
Raphaël Chazal
Ying Xiong
Thomas Bouzy
Ruggero Mastrolorenzi
Sophie Mouson
Violoncelles
Thierry Amadi
Delphine Perrone
Alexandre Fougeroux
Florence Riquet
Bruno Posadas
Thomas Ducloy
Patrick Bautz
Florence Leblond
Thibault Leroy
Caroline Roeland
Contrebasses
Matthias Bensmana
Tarik Bahous
NN
Mariana Vouytcheva
Jenny Boulanger
Sylvain Rastoul
Eric Chapelle
Dorian Marcel
Flûtes
Anne Maugue
Raphaëlle Truchot Barraya
Delphine Hueber
Piccolo
Malcy Gouget
Hautbois & cor anglais
Matthieu Bloch
Matthieu Petitjean
Martin Lefèvre
Ho Ting Tsui
Clarinettes
Marie-B. Barrière-Bilote
Véronique Audard
Petite clarinette
Diana Sampaio
Clarinette basse
Augustin Carles
Bassons
Arthur Menrath
Jules Postel
Michel Mugot
Contrebasson
Frédéric Chasline
Cors
Patrick Peignier
Andrea Cesari
Didier Favre
Bertrand Raquet
Laurent Beth
David Pauvert
Trompettes
Matthias Persson
Gérald Rolland
Samuel Tupin
Rémy Labarthe
Trombones
Jean-Yves Monier
Gilles Gonneau
Ludovic Milhiet
Tuba
Florian Wielgosik
Timbales & Percussions
Julien Bourgeois
Mathieu Draux
Antoine Lardeau
Noé Ferro
Harpe
Sophia Steckeler
PERSONNEL DE SCENE
Directeur technique
Olivier Perin
Directeur de scène
Xavier Laforge
Régisseur principal
Elisabetta Acella
Régisseur de scène
Karine Ohanyan
Régisseur effets lumières
Léa Smith
Régisseur sur-titrage
Sarah Caussé
Régisseur enfants
Laëtitia Estiot
Chefs machinistes
Olivier Kinoo
Yann Moreau
Chefs machinistes adjoints
Stephane Gualde
Franck SATIZELLE
Machiniste décorateur
Laurent Barcelo
Machiniste serrurier
Schama Imbert
Pupitreurs machinerie
Jean-Philippe Faraut
David M‘Bappé
Techniciens de plateau
Tom AYRAULT
Heathcliff BONNET
Samuel CHARIERAS
Jean François CHOPIN
Morgan DUBOUIL
Franz FILLIERE
Nicolas MANCEL
Khalid NEGRAOUI
Scott TASSONE
Camille TAULELLE
Chef électricien et vidéo
Benoît Vigan
Chef électricien adjoint
Gaël Le Maux
Pupitreurs lumières
Grégory Masse
Marie-Louise Suaud
Techniciens audio vidéo
Matteo Gesta
Felipe Manrique
Electriciens de spectacle
Guillaume BREMOND
Thibault CALIGARIS
Grégory CAMPANELLA
Florian CAPELLO
Marine GENNA COSTA
Romain LA BARBERA
Chef accessoiriste
Audrey Moravec
Chef accessoiriste adjoint
Franck Escobar
Accessoiristes
Landry BASILE
Roland BIREN
Nicolas Leroy
Chef costumière-habilleuse
Eliane Mezzanotte
Chef costumière-habilleuse adjointe
Emilie Bouneau
Chef Habilleuse adjointe
Stéphanie Putegnat
Couturiers habilleurs
Roxane AVELLO
Christian CALVIERA
Florence CHAPUIS RINALDINO
Lili FORTIN
Edwige GALLI
Julie JACQUET
Karinne MARTIN
Lauriane SENET
Véronique TETU
Chef perruquière-maquilleuse
Déborah Nelson
Chef maquilleuse adjointe
Alicia Bovis
Coiffeuse
Corinne PAULÉ
Maquilleurs
Sophie KILIAN TERRIEN
Agnès Lozano
Francine RICHARD
Billetterie
Responsable billetterie
Virginie Hautot
Responsable adjointe billetterie
Jenna Brethenoux
Service billetterie
Ambre Gaillard
Dima Khabout
Assmaa Moussalli
Œuvre symboliste et mystérieuse, Pelléas et Mélisande ne s’apprivoise pas facilement. Et d’ailleurs, est-il possible de l’apprivoiser, de le comprendre? Aucun temps, aucun lieu…rien n’est précis. La musique a l’air de sortir de l’ombre pour entrer dans la lumière. Ce sera donc une clé de la scénographie. Mais pour le reste…comment expliquer ce qui se refuse à nous? Nous sommes dans les brumes, les personnages sont des figures indécises, presque déréalisées. Ils errent comme des somnambules et prononcent des phrases aussi magnifiques que mystérieuses. Leur monde ne peut se réduire à une apparence concrète et rassurante. Il faut donc tenter l’aventure de l’inconscient, des sensations et utiliser plusieurs dimensions envisageables du récit: réelles, imaginaires, sensorielles…
Maeterlinck nous invite à explorer un univers d’impressions provoquées.
Debussy, ainsi que l’écrit si bien Gaston Bachelard, « compose aux confins de la poésie et du silence ».
Baudelaire, précurseur du symbolisme, nous fait ressentir la fameuse scène de la tour trente ans avant sa création:
« Laisse-moi respirer longtemps, longtemps, l’odeur de tes cheveux, y plonger tout mon visage, comme un homme altéré dans l’eau d’une source, et les agiter avec ma main comme un mouchoir odorant, pour secouer les souvenirs dans l’air. »
Pelléas et Mélisande nous invite à cette poésie.
Jean-Louis Grinda
Mise en scène
Pelléas et Melisande est forcément une oeuvre qui nécessite le déploiement d’un univers visuel très particulier. Pour le scénographe et l’éclairagiste autant que pour le metteur en scène, les didascalies de Maeterlink et les sonorités de Debussy font appel à un imaginaire de mystère et d’illusion. Il y a également quelque chose de difforme dans ces personnages, qui touche presque à l’irreprésentable.
Représenter ces choses-là sur une scène n’est pas un travail d’illusionniste. Il ne s’agit pas de tricher avec l’oeil. Il faut organiser un espace où l’invisible agit dans le visible, non par apparition mais par suspension, retrait, décentrement. C’est chercher à rendre pensable cet invisible et ces non-dits. Il est nécéssaire de créer un espace rigoureux, mesuré, presque abstrait où quelque chose échappe volontairement. C’est le lieu entre les choses qui devient le plus important, celui dans lequel la lumière emplit l’air de sa densité et de ses couleurs, ou bien le creuse pour que quelque chose se produise. L’oeuvre, dans cet équilibre suspendu, fait de l’ombre et du noir des acteurs silencieux du tableau, qui retiennent le regard plutôt qu’ils ne le guident. Attentifs à ce genre de détails, le scénographe et l’éclairagiste peuvent alors imaginer autre chose qu’un espace qui montre. Le lieu de la scène à construire devient celui où l’essentiel n’est pas ce qui se voit (le dispositif), mais ce que la lumière sur les volumes rend pensable. Scénographie et lumière, ensemble, sont capables d’organiser un vide à l’intérieur d’un dispositif, dans lequel un silence ou un regard peuvent devenir une révélation. Dans les volumes de plein et de vide que l’une crée, l’autre peut alors se déployer pour y tracer d’autres creux. Ceux-ci et ceux-là peuvent perturber le regard du spectateur, l’inciter à se concentrer sur un endroit précis en laissant de côté d’autres éléments qu’il redécouvre un peu plus tard, mais que son cerveau aura néanmoins enregistrés immédiatement. Ces omissions dirigées, en lien évident avec la dramaturgie créée par les personnages en scène et avec leurs mouvements, installent un état de déséquilibre dans l’esprit de celui qui les contemple et le mettent lui-même en mouvement, car elles l’obligent à modifier son point de vue. Si le théâtre se veut invention, ingéniosité, jeu et émerveillement, ou d’une façon plus concise, fuite hors de la réalité, alors tous les éléments qui le composent doivent inciter le spectateur à adopter une impression personnelle sur sa vision, à changer de perspective et à ne pas rester figé.
Laurent Castaingt
Décors et costumes
What does Mélisande say, in your opinion, about the condition of women? Is she a figure of submission or rather a woman who exercises her power in a subtle, even unconscious way, guided by a need for freedom and escape?
Mélisande is a being of instinct. I don't see any conscious manipulation from her. She’s an animal. But a wounded animal who reacts out of fear, taking refuge into her own world to protect herself from her wounds. Golaud can’t read her, she’s elusive to him, which leads him to restrain her, suffocate her, and turn her into a submissive and extinguished woman. It is when she is transcended by love and by Pelléas' wonder that she reaches her true nature. The gaze of her beloved reveals a part of herself to her. Mélisande tells us that, for both men and women, love gives us strength and freedom, it allows us to move forward, heal our wounds, and see the beauty of the world.
Mélisande’s voice seems to be a vehicle for her personality. How do you adapt your vocal interpretation to embody this tension between fragility and affirmation?
The voice is a mysterious and fascinating instrument. It is the royal instrument of emotion. Nothing escapes it. It is like a sensory receptor that allows us to perceive the inner being. In addition to sound, we are lucky enough to carry a text that helps clarify situations and amplify the poetry of feelings. As with my other roles, I will put my instrument at Mélisande’s service. The technical work beforehand gives me the freedom to offer a wide range of colours so that I can paint her emotions and stay true to the clarity and intelligibility of the text.
Debussy's music is timeless and dreamlike. How does this atmosphere influence your interpretation of Mélisande?
Claude Debussy’s music offers us soundscapes that appeal to the senses and evoke a spiritual world. This symbolist atmosphere invites us to read with poetry what, in everyday life, seems trivial or unspeakable. It asks us to rise and contemplate the beauty of the world, in both its wonder and its suffering. Music is an extension of the plot and emotions, like a character itself that paints the scenery.
The opera seems to evolve in a space between dream and reality. Do you think Mélisande is a projection, an almost unreal figure, or a deeply human woman?
Mélisande is a dream, a chimera, a fantasy, but above all, a metaphor for humanity. With Pelléas, they complement each other: they are two beings who have found each other in the light despite the shadow constantly looming around them. They meet in the shared flight from a world where pragmatism cuts them off from poetry and the unspeakable beauty of the world. Like “two laurels that often have only one root” (Les Bilitis – Loüys/Debussy), although their life paths are different, their childlike souls, full of wonder, are forever bound. In life, as in death. Whether it is a dream or whether she is human doesn’t matter to me. Like this work, life is a dream that allows us to transcend ourselves.
This production is a new creation for the Opéra de Monte-Carlo, but it is also your debut on this stage and in this role. Does this emphasis on novelty evoke any particular emotions, and in preparing this role, what have you discovered about yourself?
At the moment I’m speaking to you, we will present this new production in exactly one year. I’m starting to work calmly on the score, letting myself be surprised and dazzled by the beauty, magic, and mystery of this piece at every moment. Pelléas et Mélisande is the most beautiful of all French operas. The prospect of finally stepping into the shoes of its heroine is a waking dream. And the Salle Garnier is an inspiring and ideal venue for this work due to its size and the closeness it offers with the audience.
How much of yourself do you put into this role? Does Mélisande have a particular resonance with any personal experiences or emotions?
Meeting a new character is one of the most fascinating aspects of my job. It’s often the role that reveals a part of myself! Pelléas et Mélisande is the opera that I carry in my heart. It moves me every time. I am not yet intimate enough with the work to tell you what I will bring to it. It inspires me with the unspeakable, melancholy, depth, the heart of existence, of life, and of emotion. It seems to give me access to a very deep part of myself, a world of suffering, sorrow, beauty, and love. Love, the great one. The one we feel for loved ones, a work of art, a sunset, the blooming of a flower, or listening to music. It is this capacity for wonder that resonates with me.